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Compare and Contrast

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Compare and Contrast
Comparing and contrasting are ways to think about how things are alike or different.
When you read, it is likely that there is information that you know and information that is unfamiliar to you. Writers compare and contrast the new information with what you already know so that you understand the reading material.
Compare and Contrast
When you compare two or more things, you are identifying how they are alike, or similar.


Listed below are signal words that two or more things are being compared:

Compare and Contrast
When you contrast two or more things, you are identifying how they are different.


Listed below are signal words that two or more things are being contrasted:

Compare and Contrast
Here are three common ways that authors compare and contrast information:
1. Whole-to-Whole: One thing is discussed in its entirety, followed by the information about another thing.
If an author was writing about cows and horses, all the information about cows is presented first, followed by all of the information about horses.
2.Similarities to Differences: All of the similarities between two things are presented, followed by all of the differences.
All of the similarities between cows and horses are presented first, followed by all of the differences.
Compare and Contrast
3. Point-by-Point: One point of comparison or contrast between two things is explained, followed by another point of comparison or contrast, and so on.
The breeds of cows and horses are presented, followed by the care each animal requires, followed by the eating habits of each animal, and so on.
Compare and Contrast
I haven't always resided in Baltimore. I lived in a small town in Iowa until I was 11 years old. One of the things I miss most about Iowa is the quiet summer evenings spent sitting on the porch. The smell of the garden's evening primroses filled the air as the cattle marched back to the barn. An evening in Baltimore, conversely, is filled with the sounds of a busy city: horns honking, noisy trucks barreling through the streets and fire trucks responding to a new emergency. I enjoy brisk walks to corner restaurants for dinner with friends and the energy of city life. I'm glad I've been able to experience life in two very unique places.
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Which compare/contrast strategy is used in this passage?
Question 1 of 10
The similarities of life in Iowa and Baltimore are not followed by the differences between the two places. Try again.
A description of life in Iowa is followed by a description of life in Baltimore.
The author does not sequence each point of comparison or contrast between Iowa and Baltimore. Try again.
A description of life in Iowa is followed by a description of life in Baltimore.
Compare and Contrast
Anya and Charisse are siblings and the best of friends. They like to play the same games, listen to the same types of music and eat many of the same foods. They even resemble each other physically: tall, long black hair, and deep brown eyes. There are some significant differences, however, between the two of them. Anya is extremely messy. Her room always has clothes all over the floor. She is also quite loud, and many people have said that she is bossy. It's interesting how two people that grew up together under the same roof can be so unique.
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Which compare/contrast strategy is used in this passage?
Question 2 of 10
A description of Anya is not followed by a description of Charisse. Try again.
The similarities between Anya and Charisse are followed by the differences between the two sisters.
The author does not sequence each point of comparison or contrast between Anya and Charisse. Try again.
The similarities between Anya and Charisse are followed by their differences.
Compare and Contrast
This year, I went on two vacations. The first vacation was spent tent camping in the woods. I stayed in a hotel at the beach on my second trip. The comforts of a hotel include cozy beds, warm showers and toilets that flush. I think my warm sleeping bag was my only comfort in the woods. While I enjoyed hamburgers on both trips, one was cooked over a campfire and the other was cooked in the kitchen of a restaurant. Each day spent in the woods brought a different adventure. I hiked, fished and spent many hours gazing at the stars. While at the beach, I relaxed with a book, swam in the ocean and the pool, and played a lot of miniature golf. Both vacations were quite enjoyable!
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Which compare/contrast strategy is used in this passage?
Question 3 of 10
The similarities of camping and staying in a hotel at the beach are not followed by the differences between the two vacations. Try again.
The author sequences each point of comparison or contrast between camping and the beach vacation in a hotel.
A description of the camping trip is not followed by a description of the beach vacation in a hotel. Try again.
The author sequences each point of comparison or contrast between camping and the beach vacation in a hotel.
Compare and Contrast
There are seven questions remaining. In each of these questions, you will be asked to compare or contrast content in a passage.
Compare and Contrast
Buster is my first pet. He's a 4-year-old orange tabby cat. Buster has always been very playful. When he was a kitten, he would leap onto objects as they moved under a blanket. Now, his favorite game is jumping high into the air while trying to catch a feather on a stick. If the sun is shining through the window, I can usually find Buster napping in the sun. Gus joined our family one year after Buster. He's a 3-year-old black cat. Although Gus is not very interested in playing with toys or humans, he still demands a lot of attention. He frequently meows until someone pets him and will take every opportunity to climb onto your lap. Gus enjoys a good nap in the sun, too!
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Question 4 of 10
While Buster likes to play, Gus is not interested. Try again.
"Too" signals a similarity, or comparison, between Buster and Gus. Both cats like to nap in the sun.
Buster is a 4-year-old cat; however, Gus is only 3 years old. Try again.
Buster is an orange tabby cat; however, Gus is a black cat. Try again.
The word "too" signals a similarity, or comparison, between Buster and Gus.
Compare and Contrast
Tap water is required by law to be filtered and/or disinfected. By law, labs must test tap water and report their results to government agencies. Tap water costs only pennies a day and contains nutrients such as calcium and iron. Most tap water also contains fluoride, which helps protect teeth. Bottled water, on the other hand, does not have filtering or disinfection requirements. Testing and reporting is not required for bottlers. The price of bottled water can be more than $4.00 per gallon, and bottled water does not contain fluoride. Some estimate that 25% of bottled water is actually just tap water in a bottle! Choosing to drink tap water or bottled water is a personal decision. Regardless of which type of water you choose, drinking water has great health benefits because every body system depends on water.
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Question 5 of 10
Unlike bottled water, labs must test tap water and report their results. Try again.
Unlike bottled water, tap water is required by law to be filtered. Try again.
Unlike bottled water, most tap water contains fluoride. Try again.
Tap water costs pennies a day, while bottled water can be more than $4.00 per gallon.
This passage uses the whole–to–whole strategy.
Compare and Contrast
Every night, a decision has to be made: should we go out for dinner, or should we make dinner at home? I'm a good cook, so our family would have a good meal regardless of what we decide. There is the issue of dishes, though. If we went out to eat, we wouldn't have to deal with cleanup. I do love that! There is also the issue of noise: a meal at home would be in quiet surroundings, unlike the bustle and noise of a restaurant. Finally, do I even feel like getting in the car to travel to a restaurant? Maybe I should call and have food delivered. That would be the best of both worlds!
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Question 6 of 10
The passage did not mention dessert. Try again.
The passage states that a delicious meal would be enjoyed at home and at a restaurant.
The passage identified the restaurant as a noisy environment. Try again.
Eating at home would not require travel. Try again.
The passage gives only one similarity between the two dining choices.
Compare and Contrast
Pop's Pizza and Aldo's Italian Restaurant are two of my favorite places to eat. Both have fabulous pizza with thin crusts and fresh mozzarella cheese. The wait staffs are attentive without being bothersome, and the restaurants are very clean too! The biggest difference between Pop's and Aldo's is the menu. Pop's is strictly a pizza place. In contrast, I can visit Aldo's to enjoy pasta, subs, soups and salads. While Aldo's has a pizza special on Monday nights, Pop's has a special every night of the week! Now that I think about it, I usually visit Pop's if I want pizza, but Aldo's if I'm in the mood for something else.
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Question 7 of 10
The wait staff at both Pop's and Aldo's was complimented. Try again.
Cleanliness is a similarity of Pop's and Aldo's. Try again.
Thin pizza crust is a similarity of Pop's and Aldo's. Try again.
The passage states that the biggest difference between the two restaurants is the menu.
The author uses language that clearly states the difference between the two restaurants.
Compare and Contrast
Summer has ended, and the temperature has gotten cooler. Sweatshirts and jackets are pulled out of the closet. The leaves are changing colors as they prepare to fall off the trees. The sounds of lawnmowers become less frequent, and bright orange pumpkins decorate homes around the country. Autumn has arrived. Six months later, temperatures begin to rise and jackets return. Buds form on the same trees as leaves begin to form. Flowers and grass begin to grow again. Welcome back, spring.
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According to the passage, what is a similarity between autumn and spring?
Question 8 of 10
The cooler temperatures in fall and spring require jackets.
The leaves change colors in autumn. Try again.
Mowing decreases in autumn, and grass just begins to grow in the spring. Try again.
Pumpkins decorate homes in autumn. Try again.
Read to find out what happens as the temperatures begin to lower in autumn and rise in the spring.
Compare and Contrast
My best friend, Jorge, and I just finished the same class. Jorge took the class as an online course. I went to class on campus every week, sat at a desk and listened to my instructor. We found one major similarity in our experiences. We compared our notes and found that both classes covered the same amount of information. Other than that, the classes were very different. An online class does not give you immediate access to your instructor. When Jorge was confused, he had to wait for an email response to his question. I, on the other hand, could raise my hand and ask my question immediately. The online course allowed Jorge to do his work at his convenience, while the traditional class required me to be in class at a certain time each week. I think that's the perfect reason to give online instruction a try!
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Which word(s) signals a comparison between you and Jorge?
Question 9 of 10
"On the other hand" signaled a contrast between Jorge's and your ease in getting help. Try again.
"Both" was used to show a similarity, or comparison, between what Jorge and you learned.
"While" signaled a difference, or contrast, between Jorge's and your learning experience. Try again.
"Every" does not signal a comparison or contrast. Try again.
Reread the sentence that talks about Jorge and you learning the same information.
Compare and Contrast
Paul and Randall just completed their final interviews for the programming position. Deciding which candidate should be offered the job is a tough decision. Both Paul and Randall showed good attention to detail. Their scores on the programming test were virtually the same. Paul definitely had better documentation skills, but Randall has not been held accountable for documentation in previous positions. I sensed that both had the basic logical skills, patience, and perseverance necessary to be a good programmer. While less experienced, Paul's personality seems like it might fit better on the team. Which candidate would you select?
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Which word was used to signal a contrast between Paul and Randall?
Question 10 of 10
"Same" signaled a similarity, or comparison, between Paul and Randall's test scores. Try again.
"While" was used to show a difference, or contrast, between Paul and Randall's experience.
"Might" does not signal a comparison or contrast. Try again.
"Both" signaled a similarity, or comparison, between Paul and Randall's attention to detail. Try again.
Paul had less experience than Randall. Find the word that signals this difference.
Compare and Contrast